Network Security Memorandum

Thursday, March 24, 2016

Mobile Iron Sentry VM Installation

What is Mobile Iron Sentry?

Mobile Iron Centry provides access control for email. Sentry connects to Microsoft ActiveSync-enabled email systems such as Microsoft Exchange, IBM Lotus Notes, Google Gmail, and Microsoft Office 365. MobileIron Sentry is an in-line gateway that manages, encrypts, and secures traffic between the mobile device and back-end enterprise systems. Like the VSP, it may be deployed as a physical hardware appliance or a virtual appliance using VMware ESX. Mobile Iron Sentry is included in the Mobile Iron Advanced Management package, though the hardware appliance is sold separately.

MobileIron's Mobile@Work App connects your Android device to your company network so that you can easily and securely access email and other work resources. Mobile@Work App works in conjunction with a MobileIron Core server deployed by your company’s IT organization. .

In this post, I am using sentry-mobileiron-7.0.1-29.iso to do installation into Vmware Workstation 10.

Choose vm-install since I am using virtual machine installation:

Follow the screen instruction, step by step to provide all information:

login as: admin
admin@192.168.236.101's password:
************************************************************
* MobileIron Sentry CLI *
* *
* *
************************************************************
Welcome admin it is Thu Mar 24 16:09:29 UTC 2016

sentry@setry.test.com> enable
Password:
sentry@setry.test.com# ?

clear Reset functions
configure Enter configuration mode
curl Allows you to run curl operation
disable Turn off privilized commands
end Exit from privilige context
exit Exit from the EXEC
help Description of the interactive help system
host Query Internet name servers
install Install tools or rpms
logout Exit from the EXEC
no Negate a command or set to its defaults
ping Send echo messages
poweroff Power off the system.
reload Halt and perform a cold restart
service Allows you do service operations
setup Run the SETUP command facility
show Show running system information
software Check for updates or update software
ssh Open a ssh connection
telnet Open a telnet connection
timeout CLI Idle timeout.
traceroute Trace route to destination

write Save configuration

sentry@setry.test.com# show
banner clock fips hostname interfaces ip kparams log logging logtail memory ntp processes registration running-config

sentry service software statichost system tcp tech timeout version

sentry@setry.test.com# show running-config
Display running configuration
interface GigabitEthernet 1
ip address 192.168.236.101 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
end
interface GigabitEthernet 2
no ip address
shutdown
end
interface GigabitEthernet 3
no ip address
shutdown
end
interface GigabitEthernet 4
no ip address
shutdown
end
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.236.1
no dbconfig
service ssh 5
service telnet 5
no service ntp
service iptables enable
ip name-server 8.8.8.8 0
ip name-server 8.8.4.4 1
ip domain-name test.com
hostname setry.test.com
timeout 0
system user admin ***
sentry@setry.test.com#
sentry@setry.test.com# reload

System configuration may have been modified. Save? [yes/no]: yes

Configuration saved.

Proceed with reload? [yes/no]: yes

Broadcast message from root (pts/0) (Thu Mar 24 17:58:05 2016):

The system is going down for reboot NOW!

After reboot, you should be able to access https://192.168.236.101:8443 GUI interface. You will have to reboot once after the configuration to enable GUI access.

Sunday, March 20, 2016

Ransomware Locked Files on My Test Machine

One of my test machines which I am using to download and test software from Internet was hit by Ransomware recently.

Check out what it did to my machine.

In most computer folders including c driver and d driver, even on the desktop, there are three following files which obviously is from hackers who is asking for money to decrypt your files.:

+REcovER+gdqvd+.txt
+REcovER+gdqvd+.html
+REcovER+gdqvd+.png

Here is full content from txt file +REcovER+gdqvd+.txt
"

NOT YOUR LANGUAGE? USE https://translate.google.com

What's the matter with your files?

Your data was secured using a strong encryption with RSA4096.
Use the link down below to find additional information on the encryption keys using RSA4096:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_(cryptosystem)

What exactly that means?

It means that on a structural level your files have been transformed. You won't be able to use, read, see or work with them anymore.
In other words they are useless, however, there is a possibility to restore them with our help.

What exactly happened to your files?

*** Two personal RSA4096 keys were generated for your PC/Laptop; one key is public, another key is private.
*** All your data and files were encrypted by the means of the public key, which you received over the web.
*** In order to decrypt your data and gain access to your computer you need a private key and a decryption software, which can be found on one of our secret servers.

What should you do next?

There are several options for you to consider:
1. You can wait for a while until the price of a private key will raise, so you will have to pay twice as much to access your files or
2. You can start getting BitCoins right now and get access to your data quite fast.
In case you have valuable files, we advise you to act fast as there is no other option rather than paying in order to get back your data.

In order to obtain specific instructions, please access your personal homepage by choosing one of the few addresses down below:
http://irudhkunrlfu25fhkaqw34blr5qlby4tgq43t.orrisbirth.com/DE355220943297
http://74nfnjhlq45nkgws4hbdbk45wekfjhqw4talefgnv.curryfort.at/DE355220943297
http://g4dhhg53jsdjnnkjwjrfyiouh3o4u4th.vinerteen.com/DE355220943297

If you can't access your personal homepage or the addresses are not working, complete the following steps:
1 Download TOR Browser - http://www.torproject.org/projects/torbrowser.html.en
2 Install TOR Browser
3 Open TOR Browser
4 Insert the following link in the address bar: k7tlx3ghr3m4n2tu.onion/DE355220943297
5 Follow the instructions on your screen

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

Your personal homepages:
http://irudhkunrlfu25fhkaqw34blr5qlby4tgq43t.orrisbirth.com/DE355220943297
http://74nfnjhlq45nkgws4hbdbk45wekfjhqw4talefgnv.curryfort.at/DE355220943297
http://g4dhhg53jsdjnnkjwjrfyiouh3o4u4th.vinerteen.com/DE355220943297

Your personal page Tor-Browser k7tlx3ghr3m4n2tu.onion/DE355220943297
Your personal identification ID: DE355220943297

Good thing is this computer is only used as a test machine. Nothing lost in this case. I am going to figure out more how to clean it up and post here.

Based on suggestion from google search result listing in my reference link, I downloaded Malwarebytes Anti-Malware to have it a try. After a simple click to install software, a threat scan completed in less than 10 minutes and found 11 potential threats which includes Trojan.Crypt malware under my documents folder.

After a reboot, a follow up scanning will make sure your compute is clean:

Note: After 14 days trial for premium version, it will change to free version and you will lose scheduled scanning and real-time protection.

Reference:

Remove “Your personal files are encrypted” virus (Guide)

Tuesday, March 8, 2016

How Firewalls (Security Gateways) Handle the Packets? (Traffic Flow)

Different firewall (security gateway) vendor has different solution to handle the passing traffic. This post compiles some useful Internet posts that interpret major vendors' solutions including:
1. Checkpoint
2. Palo Alto
3. Fortigate
4. Cisco
5. Juniper
6. F5

1. Checkpoint Firewall Packets Flow:

Here is official Check Point R77 Packet Flow Diagram from sk116255 updated April 2017:

(Source: How to use fw monitor 10-Jul-2003)

Note: Checkpoint can define destination NAT happens at client side (default) or server side. Source NAT always at outbound, and ACL is checked before NAT. More details are on SK85460

Also you could check the packet inspection order/chain through gateway command line.(It will be different based on your enabled features):

1.1 FW-CP1> fw ctl chain

in chain (18):
0: -7f800000 (f28854f0) (ffffffff) IP Options Strip (in) (ipopt_strip)
1: -7d000000 (f1796f10) (00000003) vpn multik forward in
2: - 2000000 (f177cb70) (00000003) vpn decrypt (vpn)
3: - 1fffff8 (f1787c00) (00000001) l2tp inbound (l2tp)
4: - 1fffff6 (f2886ca0) (00000001) Stateless verifications (in) (asm)
5: - 1fffff5 (f28bce30) (00000001) fw multik misc proto forwarding
6: - 1fffff2 (f17a4df0) (00000003) vpn tagging inbound (tagging)
7: - 1fffff0 (f177a150) (00000003) vpn decrypt verify (vpn_ver)
8: - 1000000 (f29049c0) (00000003) SecureXL conn sync (secxl_sync)
9: 0 (f282f810) (00000001) fw VM inbound (fw)
10: 1 (f28a6b30) (00000002) wire VM inbound (wire_vm)
11: 2000000 (f177b5e0) (00000003) vpn policy inbound (vpn_pol)
12: 10000000 (f2902cb0) (00000003) SecureXL inbound (secxl)
13: 7f600000 (f287ab70) (00000001) fw SCV inbound (scv)
14: 7f730000 (f2a13500) (00000001) passive streaming (in) (pass_str)
15: 7f750000 (f2c0bef0) (00000001) TCP streaming (in) (cpas)
16: 7f800000 (f2885890) (ffffffff) IP Options Restore (in) (ipopt_res)
17: 7fb00000 (f2fac050) (00000001) HA Forwarding (ha_for)
out chain (15):
0: -7f800000 (f28854f0) (ffffffff) IP Options Strip (out) (ipopt_strip)
1: -78000000 (f1796ef0) (00000003) vpn multik forward out
2: - 1ffffff (f1779a10) (00000003) vpn nat outbound (vpn_nat)
3: - 1fffff0 (f2c0bd70) (00000001) TCP streaming (out) (cpas)
4: - 1ffff50 (f2a13500) (00000001) passive streaming (out) (pass_str)
5: - 1ff0000 (f17a4df0) (00000003) vpn tagging outbound (tagging)
6: - 1f00000 (f2886ca0) (00000001) Stateless verifications (out) (asm)
7: 0 (f282f810) (00000001) fw VM outbound (fw)
8: 1 (f28a6b30) (00000002) wire VM outbound (wire_vm)
9: 2000000 (f1779c30) (00000003) vpn policy outbound (vpn_pol)
10: 10000000 (f2902cb0) (00000003) SecureXL outbound (secxl)
11: 1ffffff0 (f17887b0) (00000001) l2tp outbound (l2tp)
12: 20000000 (f177d5b0) (00000003) vpn encrypt (vpn)
13: 7f700000 (f2c0e340) (00000001) TCP streaming post VM (cpas)
14: 7f800000 (f2885890) (ffffffff) IP Options Restore (out) (ipopt_res)

1.2 Checkpoint Example for Client Side NAT flow:

The packet that was sent to Server's NATed IP 172.16.0.100, arrives on the "Source/Client" side at the inbound interface eth0 of the Security Gateway (Pre-Inbound chains).
The packet passes the Security Policy rules (inside Virtual Machine).
If accepted, the connection is recorded in the Connections Table (Table ID 8158).
The packet is matched against NAT rules for the Destination. The packet is translated if a match is found - in this case, from IP 172.16.0.100 to IP 10.0.0.100.
The packet passes additional inspection (Post-Inbound chains).
The packet arrives at the TCP/IP stack of the underlying operating system, and is routed to the outbound interface eth1.
The packet goes through the outbound interface eth1 (Pre-Outbound chains).
The packet passes the Security Policy rules (inside Virtual Machine).
The packet is matched against NAT rules for the Source (if such rules exist). The packet is translated if a match is found - in this case, no translation occurs.
The packet passes additional inspection (Post-Outbound chains).
The packet leaves the Security Gateway machine.

1.3 Checkpoint Policy Installation Flow from FW Knowledge Blog:

2. Fortigate FortiOS:

2.1 Packet flow Process:

2.2 Example for Client/server connection:

More packet flow examples can be get from FortiOS Handbook - Troubleshooting PDF file.

3. Palo Alto Traffic Flow:

Flow Logic of the Next-Generation Firewall

4. Cisco IOS/ASA Traffic Flow:

There are more details regarding NAT order, ACL order etc from my previous post: Cisco IOS/ASA Packet Passing Order of Operation

5. JunOS Traffic Flow:

JunOS Flow Module

Next diagram with more details:

6. F5

Thanks Amaud suggestion for F5 TCP Traffic Diagram:

TMOS Order of Operations - TCP Traffic Path Diagram

New version from F5 TCP Traffic Path Diagram Page - December 2015:

F5 LTM Traffic Flow

Following F5 architecture diagram is from Sinso's Post:

Reference:

Monday, March 7, 2016

Check Point R80 Management Installation - Part 2 - SmartConsole

In "Check Point R80 Management Installation - Part 1 - Basic Installation", we can see the steps for installing R80 is similar as previous version. This pose will present how to use SmartConsole to connect to R80 management server.

1. Download SmartConsole

You will get a 378M SmartConsole.exe execute file.

2. Prerequisites for Installing SmartConsole
Double click the download SmartConsole file to start the installation. It will require at least four prerequisites: